Co-precipitation continuous synthesis of the Ni-Rh-Ce0.75Zr0.25O2-δ catalyst in the membrane dispersion microreactor system for n-dodecane steam reforming to hydrogen

Precipitation at the micro-scale to produce nanoparticles with small particle size and uniform dispersion is feasible. A membrane microreactor (MR) - matching spiral tube system was used synthesize highly dispersed (MR)-Ni-Rh-Ce0.75Zr0.25O2-δ (MR)-Ni- Ce0.75Zr0.25O2-δ catalysts active metal sizes of 4.3 4.6 nm. Rapid nucleation catalyst precursor achieved in ordered growth occurred tube. Characterization by TEM, pulse CO chemisorption, Raman spectroscopy prove that synthesized possess more oxygen vacancies uniformly supported than those stirred tank (S). The apparent activation energies for n-dodecane steam reforming (SR) increase following order: (MR)-Ni-Rh-CZO (62 kJ/mol) < (S)-Ni-Rh-CZO (67 CZO (77 (S)-Ni-CZO (84 kJ/mol). initial hydrogen yields are 88 59%, respectively, T = 650 °C, WHSV 12 h−1, S/C 4. TPSR experiments indicated (MR)-Ni-CZO mostly contributed cleavage C–C C–H bonds. carbon deposition first h SR only 2.4 mg/(g-cat·mol-H2). For optimizing continuous synthesis method, yield can be further improved above 95% increasing mixing intensity, decreasing ratio phase, length better-dispersed catalysts.